Internal-combustion engine.



H. B LAYMAN. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21, 1914.

1,144,421 a I Patented J1me 29, 1915..

WITNESSES:

A 7 ENE) it; a, t an, or roan, at a.

annanconacsrron and 1 Specification of Ietterc Patent;

Patented June 29, 1935f Application tiled dune 37, 191%; fierial 310- Minna.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that 1, Hanson B. Layman, a

citizen, of the United States, nd residing at This invention relates to explosion or internal combustion engines. and particularly to engines of this class of the sleeve valve type, and the object thereof is to improve the water circulating system or means by which the cooling water is circulated, and the method of circulating saidwater, so as to obtain or insure the lowest possible tem perature at the point where the cylinder and cylinder head are ordinarily heated to the highest degree in the operation of the engine, so as to prevent he overheatlng of such .parts and also t e overheating of the valve which controls t e inlet and the exhaust of the cylinder head; a further object being to facilitate the operation of the valve,

and with these and other objects in view the invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts and the method of, and means for circulating the cooling water hereinafter described and claimed. I

The invention is fully disclo ed in the following specification, of whip the accompanying drawing forms a part, in which the separate parts of my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters 1n each of the views, and in which Fi we 1 is an end view f an engine of the lass specified provided with my improvement; and, Fig. 2 a transverse section through one cylinder of the engine, any desired number of which may be employed, said view being on. an enlarged scale,

In the practice of my invention, as shown in the drawing, I provide a cylinder a, in which is placed a piston 72 and the cylinder (1 is provided with an explosion head a the reference character a? also indicating the explosion chamber, and the explosion head a is inclosed by an annular valve casing a having an annular valve chamber a in which is placed a sleeve valve The cylinder a and its explosion head, including the valve casing a are inclosed by a main outer casing or jacket a the top portion of which, 1s enlarged as shown at a to form a chamber a in which the inlet and exhaust manifolds a and a are located, and said inlet and exhaust manifolds a and a are provided with radial passage-ways a and-a which extend inwardly through the outer and inner walls of the valve casing a, and communicate with the explosion chamber in the head a of the cylinder, which form inlet and exhaust ports or passages which are controlled by the valve 0 in the usual manner.

in the construction shown all the artsv above described with the exclusion o the cylinder 2) and valve 0 and designated by the reference characters a, a a, a", etc., are preferably formed internally, as shown, but said parts or some of t em may be formed separately, if desired, and the casing or jacket a is provided with a separate and removable cover d connected therewith at (F, and forming a chamber a? having a bottom a formed integrally with the casing or jacket member a, and the valve casing a and the bottom a of the chamber (i forms the top wall of the chamber a in which the. manifolds a and a are located.

The valve chamber a is provided with in ner and outer lining sleeves e and f, between which the valve 0 is movable, and the use of these sleeves enables the valve chamher a to be cast in the operation of casting the cylinder a and connected parts, and althat is necessary to finish the space or chamber in which the valve 0 moves is to properly machine r finish the said lining sleeves e and f, an this is a much cheaper and much more effective operation, than any attempt to cast the valve chamber a of proper dimensions and afterward machine or finish said chamber would be.

The manifolds a and a are provided with the usual inlet and outlet a and a and between the explosion head. a of the cylinder and the valve casing a is an annular water assage or chamber g which communicates with a chamber 9 in. the top of the explosion h a and a pipe 9 is passed downv through t e top of the cap (1 and into the top of the explosion head of the cylinder and communicates with the chamber gg and the pipe 9 opens upwardly into a, passage-way h at the top of the engine and which appies to all the cylinders of the engine, and the pipe 72, communicates with the passage-way It at one end thereof and with a pump if operated by the main crank shaft 71 of the engine and into which water from the radiator is admitted at 11 Between the main outercasing (L -a and the cylinder and its explosion head is a water chamber or passage is which incloses the manifolds a and a", and a pipe m passes through the cap d and communicates w th said chamber and at its upper end said p pe communicates with a passage-way m which extends longitudinally of the engine and which also communicates with the radiator as does the passage-way h.

In the accompanying drawing, the radiator and its connections are not shown for the reason that they form no part of my invention and, in practice, the means or apparatus for operating the valve 0 is placed in the chamber (i and this apparatus which also formsno part of this invention is not shown.

It will be seen that the water passage or chamber which ineloses the explosion head of the engine and the water chamber or passage 7c are placed in communication at the bottom of the valve casing a, as shown at n, and around this communication the top of the cylinder a is provided with an upwardly directed deflecting shield 71,. The water chamber or passage is provided at or near the bottom thereof with an inlet 0 which, in practice, is placed in communication with the radiator and water from the radiator en'- ters the chamber or passageway 70 at 0 and flows upwardly through said chamber or passage, and around the manlfolds a! and a and out through the pipe m into the passage-way m as indicated by the arrows w, and at the sametime water is forced by the pump h through the pipe 723 down through the pipe into and through the water passage or chamber gg and out beneath the valve casing a as indicated by the arrows y, and these separate flows of water are united at 72. and the water that flows in as indicated by the arrows y and under the control of the pump k passes oii through the pipe m and passage-way m to the radiator with the water that enters through the inlet 0 and flows through the chamber or passage is, as indicated by the arrows m.

It will thus be seen that I provide two different systems of water circulations, one being what is known as the thermo-siphon system and the other a pump system, and above the point where the two separate flows of water are connected at the bottom of the valve casing there is a downward and inward flow and an upward and outward flow. In other words. there is a downward flow through the explosion head on the inner side of the valve casing. and an upward flow on 1 the outer side of said head and on the outer side of said valve casing, and below the explosion head there is a gontinuous flow upwardly around the cylinder, and by means of this construction and system of water circulation, the engine is kept at the lowest possible degree of temperature at the point or points where the parts thereof are most apt to become overheated in use, said points being the explosion head and the parts surrounding and inclosing the same and the part of the cylinder adjacent thereto.

Where the thermo-siphon system of circulating water only is employed, the difference between the temperature of the water at the bottom of the cylinder and that around the explosion head and valve casing may be so great as to cause the sticking of the cylinder and the valve, but this trouble is largely, if not, entirely obviated by my improvement; and by means of my improvement, I may also use a smaller radiator for. the reason that the ditierence in the temperature of the water as it leaves the radiator and when it returns to it will not be so. great as when the thermosiphon system of water circulation only is employed, and with my improvement the water that is pumped downwardly through the explosion head and which is turned in an upward-direction where it unites with the upward flow of the thermo-siphon system also aids in moving the water of said system upwardly and outwardly through the upper part of the chamber or passage-wayk and through the pipe m. The sleeve linings e and f are provided, in this form of construction, with shoulders which rest on the tops of the inner and outer walls of the valve chamber, but said linings may be supported in, or secured in said valve chamber in any desired manner, and the outer lining terminates just above said valve casing.

In the construction herein shown and described, the valve casing a and the valve 0 are above and beyond the limit of the movement of the piston but this is not necessarily so, and said valve casing anl valve may be made larger and extended lower, if desired, and the transverse dimensions of the valve casing and valve may also be varied, and other changes in and modifications of the construction herein described may be made, within the scope of the appended claims,

" without departing from the spirit of my invention or sacrificing its advantages.

Having fully described my invention,

' what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. An explosion engine provided with a cylinder having an explosion head, a sleeve and aaeaaai valve chamber provided with a sleeve valve which controls the inlet and exhaust ports of said head, said cylinder and valve casing being inclosed by a .water chamber or passage through which water flows upwardly on the outer side of the cylinder and valve casing, and the explosion head being provided with a water passage or chamber which communicates with the first named water passage or chamber below the valve casing and through which water flows downwardly through said explosion head on the inner side of the valve easing. 2. An explosion engine provided. with a cylinder having an explosion head inclosed by an annular valve casing having a sleeve valve, and means for passing water upwardly around said cylinder and said valve casing and other means for passing water downwardly through the explosion head and on the inner side of the valve casing, the separate currents of water being united below the valve casing.

3. An explosion engine provided with a cylinder having an explosion head inclosed by an annular valve casing in which is mounted a sleeve valve which controls the inlet and exhaustports of the explosion head, and means water upwardly around the cylinder and the valve casing and another current of water downwardly through the explosion head and on the inner side of the valve casfor passing a current of ing, said separate currents of water being united at the bottom of the valve casing.

explosion engine provided with a cylinder having an explosion head inclosed by an annular valve casing in which is mounted a sleeve valve which controls the inlet and exhaust ports of the explosion head, and means for passing a current of water upwardly around the cylinder and the valve casing and another current of water downwardly through the explosion head and on the inner side of the valve casing, said separate currents of water being united at the bottom of the valve casing at which point the last named current is also directed upwardly.

5. An explosion engine provided with a cylinder having an explosion head inclosed by an annular valve casing having a sleeve valve, and means for passing water upwardlyaround said cylinder and said valve casing and downwardly through the valve casing, the separate currents of water being united below said valve casing.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of the subscribing witnesses this 25th day of June, 1914.

HEBRON B. LA

Witnesses:

C. MULREANY, H. E. THoMrsoN. 

